Cognitive
Cognitive

The Neuroscience of Déjà Vu: Familiarity, Recollection, and the Brain

Have you ever walked into a place you have never visited before? Suddenly, you may feel as though you have been there already. That strange feeling is known as déjà vu. Déjà vu usually lasts only a few seconds. However, it raises a fascinating question about the human brain: How can something feel familiar when

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Clinical Cognitive

What is a Neuropsychological Assessment?

Have you ever wondered why someone has difficulty focusing or memorising something, be it in the numerical domain or linguistic domain, or planning everyday tasks? These difficulties can have many different reasons, but understanding them requires going beyond just the symptom. And this is where the Neuropsychological Assessments come into play. They help us understand

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Cognitive Sleep

The Role of Cognitive Bias Modification in Treating Sleep Disorders

“This psychological connection provides an important basis for understanding the potential role of Cognitive Bias Modification in treating sleep disorders.” Sleep disorders are prevalent psychological and medical issues that can impact mood, focus, day-to-day functioning, and general well-being. While biological and environmental factors have an impact on sleep difficulties, psychological processes like attention, expectations, and

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Cognitive Learning

Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve: How Memory Fades Over Time

Memory is a process of an active system that consists of three stages. The first is encoding, where the information is given by the sensory processes; the second process is storage, where the information is held for some period of time. The third and last process is retrieval, where the information is used in a

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Cognitive Learning

Information Processing Theory in Psychology

Have you ever gone into a room and then completely forgotten the reason why? Or read a whole page in a textbook, then realised you don’t remember much of anything. Each of these examples illustrates a general phenomenon about the human mind: information does not become memory automatically; it must be taken in, selected, processed,

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Cognitive

Two Systems, One Mind: Understanding Human Cognition Through Dual Process Theory

The human mind looks a lot like a single powerful processor, but modern cognitive science tells us a very different story of a “divided” architecture. Under the Dual Process Theory, which now informs our view, our thinking, judgment, and behaviour flow from two completely distinct modes of thought. Known as System 1 and System 2,

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Cognitive

The Purpose and Scope of Multiple Intelligences in Education

The concept of intelligence has for many years fascinated psychologists, educators, and philosophers. For many years, intelligence tests attempted to measure intelligence, and intelligence was thought to be a single ability of problem-solving skills and logical thinking. But this rather narrow view was shattered by Gardner’s new set of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences (MI)

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Cognitive

Placebo vs. Nocebo: Can Belief Heal Or Hurt You?

Think of taking a sugar pill and noticing your headache disappear like it had not even existed, or going so far as to feel nauseous simply because you think the pill may harm you. This isn’t a plot twist from a science fiction movie; it’s science, not fiction. Let us step inside the fascinating world

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Cognitive

Mere Exposure Effect

You head to the supermarket to pick up a box of cereal. You don’t have much idea about other brands, but you buy one because it sounds familiar—you’ve seen or heard it on television commercials or in the supermarket aisle previously. Afterwards, while driving home from the store, a song comes up on the radio.

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Cognitive

The Five Stages of Memory 

Memory is strange. We suddenly remember random jingles from childhood ads. And then there are times when we meet someone and instantly forget their name. This can be quite perplexing. Why does this happen? What makes some information stick while the rest of it just disappears into the void?  Turns out, memory is not just

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