Blog
Sleep

What Are Hypnagogic Hallucinations? Causes, Symptoms, and When to Worry

Have you ever felt like you’re just moments away from sleeping when your name is called?  Perhaps you saw a flash or shadow, experienced a feeling as you were about to fall, felt like someone else was in the room with you, only to become fully aware and realise nobody was actually there. Situations like

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Cognitive Learning

Information Processing Theory in Psychology

Have you ever gone into a room and then completely forgotten the reason why? Or read a whole page in a textbook, then realised you don’t remember much of anything. Each of these examples illustrates a general phenomenon about the human mind: information does not become memory automatically; it must be taken in, selected, processed,

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Children Development

Refrigerator Mother Theory and the History of Autism

According to the World Health Organisation  (2025), autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), is a condition consisting of diverse groups. Autism is characterised by difficulty in communication and social interaction, a typical pattern of activities and behaviours, difficulty transitioning from one task to another, and unusual reactions to sensations. Autism manifests differently across

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Emotion

Theories of Emotion in Psychology: James-Lange to Schachter-Singer Explained

Our emotions are complex psychological phenomena involving many physical and mental changes. They are integral components of human life because they significantly affect our choices and actions. Our emotions assist us in comprehending the world around us, too. They guide our actions and colour our life experiences. An important question that arises is what causes emotions, and

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Therapy

The Gottman Method Explained: Building the Sound Relationship House

Relationships are an important part of our lives. Nowadays, finding a suitable partner is not easy. Still, many find their partners, but that’s not the end. Finding your partner is just the beginning. What matters is how well it goes further. We may have seen many relationships in our lives: our parents, neighbours, relatives, or

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Testing

Factor Analysis in Psychology: Meaning, Types, and Uses Explained

Factor Analysis is a statistical technique that makes the interpretation of data easy and understandable by reducing variables into smaller sets of variables. It helps to understand the complex variables of items and their hidden dimensions. Furthermore, it helps explain the complex interrelationship between different sets of variables. For example: Consider that a university administers 6

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Personality

Eysenck’s Personality Theory Explained: The Biological Basis of Human Behaviour

For decades, psychologists dominated the field with environmental theories that saw the human mind as a blank slate. Hans J. Eysenck, however, questioned this logic and argued that personality stems from biology and genetics (Eysenck, 1967). His Personality theory proposes that our patterns of behaviour are not learned habits at all, but represent the outward manifestations

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Sleep

Understanding Dreams: Freud, Jung, and the Neuroscience of REM Sleep

The human dream state remained a mystical province for centuries, reserved for divine intervention. However, in this day and age, in modern psychology, especially for students at the crossroads between Philosophy, Psychology and Neural Science, dreams have been turned into a sophisticated cognitive exercise. The “language” of dreams is a complex synthesis where the primal energies

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Therapy

Developmental Counselling and Therapy (DCT): Theory, Techniques, and Applications

The developmental counselling and therapy (DCT) model is based on Piagetian concepts. Client functioning and help are provided by considering the levels of cognitive development along with the four parallel levels of development given by Jean Piaget. Developmental counselling and therapy focus on both aspects of growth and development, which are inter and intrapersonal. This

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Indian Psychology

Understanding Yoga: Its History, the Seven Chakras, and Role in Mental Wellness

The word Yoga is derived from the Sanskrit word Yuj, which means ‘to join’ or ‘to unite’.  According to the Vedic scriptures, practising yoga unites an individual with universal consciousness, mind, body, and nature. Sadhana originated in the Indian Subcontinent thousands of years ago. The history of yogic practice is divided into four essential periods;

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